Thursday 28th of March 2024
 

A Non-Blind Watermarking Scheme for Gray Scale Images in Discrete Wavelet Transform Domain using Two Subbands


Abdur Shahid, Shahriar Badsha, Md. Rethwan Kabeer, Junaid Ahsan and Mufti Mahmud

Digital watermarking is the process to hide digital pattern directly into a digital content. Digital watermarking techniques are used to address digital rights management, protect information and conceal secrets. An invisible non-blind watermarking approach for gray scale images is proposed in this paper. The host image is decomposed into 3-levels using Discrete Wavelet Transform. Based on the parent-child relationship between the wavelet coefficients the Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) compression algorithm is performed on the LH3, LH2, HL3 and HL2 subbands to find out the significant coefficients. The most significant coefficients of LH2 and HL2 bands are selected to embed a binary watermark image. The selected significant coefficients are modulated using Noise Visibility Function, which is considered as the best strength to ensure better imperceptibility. The approach is tested against various image processing attacks such as addition of noise, filtering, cropping, JPEG compression, histogram equalization and contrast adjustment. The experimental results reveal the high effectiveness of the method.

Keywords: Digital image watermarking, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT), Noise Visibility Function (NVF).

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ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Abdur Shahid
He received the B.Sc degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (CUET), Chittagong, Bangladesh in 2011. He is currently serving as a software engineer at Samsung Bangladesh R&D Center Ltd, Bangladesh. His research interest includes Digital Image Processing, Digital Watermarking, Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing.

Shahriar Badsha
He received B.Sc degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (CUET), Chittagong, Bangladesh in 2011. Currently he is a research assistant in Electrical Engineering department at University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. His research interest includes Biomedical Image Processing and Multimedia Security.

Md. Rethwan Kabeer
He received his B.Sc degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chittagong, Bangladesh in 2011. Currently he is a research assistant in department of Computer Science and Information System at University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. His research interest includes image processing, data mining, computer architecture and signal processing.

Junaid Ahsan
He received his B.Sc degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chittagong, Bangladesh in 2011. Currently he is serving as a Software Engineer at Samsung Bangladesh R&D Center Ltd, Bangladesh. He is interested in Bioinformatics and image processing.

Mufti Mahmud
He received his Bachelor degree from Faculty of Business Administration, American International University-bangladesh (AIUB), Bangladesh. He worked at Grammen Phone, leading mobile phone operator in Bangladesh. His research interest includes data mining, financial computing, image processing and cloud computing.


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